Physiology of Sport and Exercise, Sixth Edition With Web Study Guide, frames research findings in physiology in a reader-friendly format, making this textbook a favorite of instructors and students alike. This resource offers a simple way for students to develop an understanding of the body’s abilities to perform various types and intensities of exercise and sport, to adapt to stressful situations, and to improve its physiological capacities.
Written by a team of distinguished researchers, all past presidents of the American College of Sports Medicine, this updated sixth edition has been enhanced with new elements to facilitate learning comprehension. The redesigned photos, illustrations, and medical artwork of the fifth edition that clarified difficult concepts and illustrated how the body performs are now complemented by new digital components. Seven animations have been added, bringing the total to 25 and providing a dynamic way to experience course material. The 60 audio clips provide explanations of complex physiological processes to aid students’ understanding of important illustrations in the text, and 29 video clips from leaders in the field discuss recent developments and real-world applications to help students connect theoretical and practical concepts. Corresponding icons throughout the text notify students when digital elements are available to complement the materials.
Introduction: An Introduction to Exercise and Sport Physiology
Focus of Exercise and Sport Physiology
Acute and Chronic Responses to Exercise
The Evolution of Exercise Physiology
Research: The Foundation for Understanding
Part I. Exercising Muscle
Chapter 1. Structure and Function of Exercising Muscle
Anatomy of Skeletal Muscle
Muscle Fiber Contraction
Muscle Fiber Types
Skeletal Muscle and Exercise
Chapter 2. Fuel for Exercise: Bioenergetics and Muscle Metabolism
Energy Substrates
Controlling the Rate of Energy Production
Storing Energy: High-Energy Phosphates
The Basic Energy Systems
Interaction Among the Energy Systems
The Oxidative Capacity of Muscle
Chapter 3. Neural Control of Exercising Muscle
Structure and Function of the Nervous System
Central Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
Sensory-Motor Integration
Chapter 4. Hormonal Control During Exercise
The Endocrine System
Endocrine Glands and Their Hormones: An Overview
Hormonal Regulation of Metabolism During Exercise
Hormonal Regulation of Fluid and Electrolytes During Exercise
Hormonal Regulation of Caloric Intake
Chapter 5. Energy Expenditure and Fatigue
Measuring Energy Expenditure
Energy Expenditure at Rest and During Exercise
Fatigue and Its Causes
Muscle Soreness and Muscle Cramps
Part II. Cardiovascular and Respiratory Function
Chapter 6. The Cardiovascular System and Its Control
Heart
Vascular System
Blood
Chapter 7. The Respiratory System and Its Regulation
Pulmonary Ventilation
Pulmonary Volumes
Pulmonary Diffusion
Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in the Blood
Gas Exchange at the Muscles
Regulation of Pulmonary Ventilation
Chapter 8. Cardiorespiratory Responses to Acute Exercise
Cardiovascular Responses to Acute Exercise
Respiratory Responses to Acute Exercise
Part III. Exercise Training
Chapter 9. Principles of Exercise Training
Terminology
General Principles of Training
Resistance Training Programs
Anaerobic and Aerobic Power Training Programs
Chapter 10. Adaptations to Resistance Training
Resistance Training and Gains in Muscular Fitness
Mechanisms of Gains in Muscle Strength
Interaction between Resistance Training and Diet
Resistance Training for Special Populations
Chapter 11. Adaptations to Aerobic and Anaerobic Training
Adaptations to Aerobic Training
Adaptations to Anaerobic Training
Adaptations to High-Intensity Interval Training
Specificity of Training and Cross-Training
Part IV. Environmental Influences on Performance
Chapter 12. Exercise in Hot and Cold Environments
Body Temperature Regulation
Physiological Responses to Exercise in the Heat
Health Risks During Exercise in the Heat
Acclimation to Exercise in the Heat
Exercise in the Cold
Physiological Responses to Exercise in the Cold
Health Risks During Exercise in the Cold
Chapter 13. Exercise at Altitude
Environmental Conditions at Altitude
Physiological Responses to Acute Altitude Exposure
Exercise and Sport Performance at Altitude
Acclimation: Chronic Exposure to Altitude
Altitude: Optimizing Training and Performance
Health Risks of Acute Exposure to Altitude
Part V. Optimizing Performance in Sport
Chapter 14. Training for Sport
Optimizing Training
Periodization of Training
Overtraining
Tapering for Peak Performance
Detraining
Chapter 15. Body Composition and Nutrition for Sport
Assessing Body Composition
Body Composition, Weight, and Sport Performance
Classification of Nutrients
Water and Electrolyte Balance
The Athlete’s Diet
Chapter 16. Ergogenic Aids in Sport
Researching Ergogenic Aids
Nutritional Ergogenic Aids
Anti-Doping Codes and Drug Testing
Prohibited Substances and TechniquesPart VI. Age and Sex Considerations in Sport and Exercise
Chapter 17. Children and Adolescents in Sport and Exercise
Growth, Development, and Maturation
Physiological Responses to Acute Exercise
Physiological Adaptations to Exercise Training
Physical Activity Patterns Among Youth
Sport Performance and Specialization
Special Issues
Chapter 18. Aging in Sport and Exercise
Height, Weight, and Body Composition
Physiological Responses to Acute Exercise
Physiological Adaptations to Exercise Training
Sport Performance
Special Issues
Chapter 19. Sex Differences in Sport and Exercise
Body Size and Composition
Physiological Responses to Acute Exercise
Physiological Adaptations to Exercise Training
Sport Performance
Special Issues
Part VII. Physical Activity for Health and Fitness
Chapter 20. Prescription of Exercise for Health and Fitness
Health Benefits of Exercise
Exercise Is Medicine
Medical Clearance
Exercise Prescription
Monitoring Exercise Intensity
Exercise Program
Exercise and Rehabilitation of People With Diseases
Chapter 21. Cardiovascular Disease and Physical Activity
Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease
Forms of Cardiovascular Disease
Understanding the Disease Process
Determining Individual Risk
Reducing Risk Through Physical Activity
Risk of Heart Attack and Death During Exercise
Exercise Training and Rehabilitating Patients With Heart Disease
Chapter 22. Obesity, Diabetes, and Physical Activity
Understanding Obesity
Weight Loss
Role of Physical Activity in Weight Management and Risk Reduction
Understanding Diabetes
Treatment of Diabetes
Role of Physical Activity in Diabetes
W. Larry Kenney, PhD, is the Marie Underhill Noll Chair in Human Performance and a professor of physiology and kinesiology at Pennsylvania State University at University Park. He received his PhD in physiology from Penn State in 1983. Working at Noll Laboratory, Kenney is researching the effects of aging and disease states such as hypertension on the control of blood flow to human skin and has been continuously funded by NIH since 1983. He also studies the effects of heat, cold, and dehydration on various aspects of health, exercise, and athletic performance as well as the biophysics of heat exchange between humans and the environment. He is the author of more than 200 papers, books, book chapters, and other publications.
Jack H. Wilmore, PhD, retired in 2003 from Texas A&M University as a distinguished professor in the department of health and kinesiology. From 1985 to 1997, Wilmore was chair of the department of kinesiology and health education and the Margie Gurley Seay endowed centennial professor at the University of Texas at Austin. Before that, he served on the faculties at the University of Arizona, the University of California, and Ithaca College. Wilmore earned his PhD in physical education from the University of Oregon in 1966.
David L. Costill, PhD, is the emeritus John and Janice Fisher chair in exercise science at Ball State University in Muncie, Indiana. He established the Ball State University Human Performance Laboratory in 1966 and served as its director for more than 32 years.